THE NECESSARY APPLICATION OF THE FOUR SUBLIME STATES (BRAHMAVIHARA) IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS BY EDUCATIONAL PERSONNEL IN A PRIMARY EDUCATION SERVICE AREA OFFICE AT A PLACE

Abstract

The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the level of basic needs in applying the Four Sublime States (Brahmavihara), 2) to study the level of educational administration, and 3) to examine the relationship between the basic needs in using the Four Sublime States and educational administration among educational personnel in a primary educational service area office. The sample group consisted of 385 educational personnel, using a questionnaire as the research tool. Data analysis employed frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The findings revealed that: 1) The overall basic needs in applying the Four Sublime States were at a high level. By aspect, the highest was Metta (Loving-kindness), followed by Karuna (Compassion), with Upekkha (Equanimity) ranking last. 2) The overall level of educational administration was moderate. By aspect, academic administration ranked highest, followed by personnel administration, and then general administration. 3) The relationship between basic needs in applying the Four Sublime States and educational administration was statistically significant in the same direction at the 0.01 level. Multiple regression analysis showed that Metta, Karuna, Mudita (Sympathetic Joy), and Upekkha, in order of importance, yielded a multiple correlation coefficient (R) of 0.910. This model explained 82.80% of the variation in educational administration (R² = 0.828), indicating statistical significance at the 0.01 level.