Classroom Monitoring Systems Via the Internet of Things

Abstract

The research presented in this study focuses on the development of an environmental monitoring system and classroom usage through the Internet of Things (IoT). A total of 10 monitoring units were created to assess the classroom environments within the Faculty of Technology and Management at King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Prachinburi Campus, covering 10 classrooms during the first semester of the academic year 2023, from July to October 2023. The system recorded environmental factors during classroom usage, including temperature, humidity, and PM2.5 particulate matter levels, to determine whether the classrooms provided a suitable learning environment. The system categorises air quality into three levels based on PM2.5 concentrations: Level 1 (Fresh Air) indicates excellent air quality with PM2.5 not exceeding 15.0 µg/m³; Level 2 (Moderate Air) reflects moderate air quality with PM2.5 between 15.0–25.0 µg/m³; and Level 3 (Unhealthy) denotes poor air quality with PM2.5 exceeding
25 µg/m³. The findings revealed that eight classrooms maintained an average PM2.5 level classified as Level 1 (excellent air quality), while two classrooms were rated as Level 2 (moderate air quality). All monitored classrooms were equipped with air conditioning, ensuring that temperature and humidity levels remained within appropriate ranges, and lighting conditions were also deemed suitable across all ten classrooms. Additionally, a dashboard interface was developed to display environmental data via a website and to log this information in a database for future analysis regarding classroom suitability and usage timings.