Understanding and management of ethnicity and inter-community relations in Malaysian society

Abstract

Ethnicity and inter-community relations are significant issues in the social and political landscape of Malaysia, a society characterized by ethnic diversity. This diversity is both a strength and a challenge in promoting social harmony and national unity. Malaysia's approach to managing and understanding ethnicity and inter-community relations is deeply embedded in the country’s historical, political, and economic contexts. Malaysia's politics require balancing the interests of various communities, with the government often presenting affirmative policies to uplift economically disadvantaged ethnic groups, particularly the Malay Muslims, through various programs like the New Economic Policy. At the same time, these policies foster a sense of ethnic identity that influences both unity and division. Managing ethnic relations in Malaysia involves navigating the complexity between preserving cultural identities and promoting integration into a unified society. One of the strategies the government promotes is the idea of a Malaysian ethnicity, which encourages citizens to embrace a national identity that unites all ethnic groups. However, ethnicity continues to play a significant role in politics, the economy, and social relations. These dynamics are managed through various policies. The management of ethnic relations and community interactions in Malaysia is a complex process, requiring a balance between promoting unity, creating equality, and respecting the diversity of the country’s people.