Human Rights: the Participatory Model for Addressing Statelessness of Local Community Network Chiang Mai Province

Abstract

This research aims to: (1) examine the models and processes for addressing statelessness in Thailand; (2) analyze the factors and obstacles affecting the development of legal status among stateless persons; and (3) propose a participatory model of local community networks in addressing legal status issues in Chiang Mai Province. This study employed a qualitative research design, combining documentary research and field-based data collection. Key informants consisted of 20 participants selected through purposive sampling from community volunteers and individuals actively involved in the operations of the Local Community Network for Stateless Persons in Chiang Mai Province. Research instruments included semi-structured in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, participant observation, and document analysis. Data were organized and categorized according to the research themes, and analyzed using content and thematic analysis to link the findings with the conceptual framework and theories underpinning the study.

The findings indicate that, in the past, the management of statelessness in Thailand was primarily carried out through ad hoc, group-based solutions implemented via periodic Cabinet Resolutions. Although the state has increasingly developed more comprehensive policies to address statelessness, implementation continues to face multiple challenges, including the complexity of legal frameworks, delays in administrative procedures, inconsistent use of administrative discretion by officials, limitations in personnel and resources, and the lack of civil documentation among affected individuals. At the local level, problem-solving has taken the form of collaboration among government agencies, civil society organizations, and community volunteer networks. However, such collaboration often lacks continuity due to time constraints, project-based funding, and shifting policy priorities of authorities across different periods. Within this context, the Local Community Network functions as a crucial community-level mechanism that links and coordinates between state agencies and stateless individuals. The network helps reduce structural barriers, facilitates legal status development, and contributes to the restoration of human dignity. Accordingly, strengthening the capacity of community volunteers and providing structural support for community networks are key factors in promoting sustainable participation and reducing inequality, thereby contributing to a society that respects human dignity and the human rights of all individuals.