Thai Government Policy to Encourage the Use of Hydraulic Cement to Solve Problems Environment from 2021-2023

Abstract

This article aims to: (1) study the process of policy implementation regarding the use of hydraulic cement to address Thailand’s environmental problems during 2021–2023; (2) examine the roles and interactions of key actors in driving the policy; and (3) analyze the impacts and future directions for policy development. This research employs a qualitative research methodology through document analysis and in-depth interviews. Data analysis was conducted by systematically organizing, categorizing, linking, and identifying relationships among the collected data, using theoretical frameworks as the basis for interpretation. A total of 17 relevant informants were interviewed.

The research findings reveal that: (1) The policy implementation process included the formulation of policies aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions through the establishment of construction material standards, the development of strategic plans promoting research and enforcing the use of hydraulic cement in public projects, and the introduction of economic incentive measures, despite existing challenges related to production costs and market acceptance. (2) In terms of actor interactions, government agencies exhibited cooperation at the policy level but lacked integration in practice, while the private sector faced limitations in adapting to government measures. Regarding impacts, hydraulic cement was found to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 30–40% and enhance structural durability; however, small-scale producers continued to face difficulties related to production costs and technological capabilities. (3) Policy development should focus on establishing clear material standards, promoting tax incentives, and encouraging the use of hydraulic cement in government projects to align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in a concrete manner.The key recommendation for applying the research findings is to accelerate the development of comprehensive and flexible policy support mechanisms to address practical constraints. The new body of knowledge from this study highlights the balance between the roles of the Thai state and private sector in promoting the use of hydraulic cement to address environmental issues.