Intergenerational Conflict Among Three Generations in Families and the Promotion of Harmony Through an Integrative Buddhist Approach in Chiang Mai Province

Abstract

This research article aims to: 1) examine the dynamics, characteristics, and contributing factors of intergenerational conflict within families in Chiang Mai Province; and 2) analyze the roles of integrative Buddhist principles in promoting harmony and peaceful coexistence among three generations within families. The study employed a mixed-methods research design, integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches. For the quantitative component, the population consisted of residents of Chiang Mai Province, including older adults, working-age adults, and youth. A total of 360 respondents were selected using purposive sampling. For the qualitative component, key informants comprised representatives of the three generations, community leaders, and individuals with roles in religious and cultural affairs, totaling 10 participants. Research instruments included questionnaires, structured in-depth interview guides, and focus group discussions. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including percentages, means, and standard deviations, while qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis and interpretive synthesis.

The findings revealed that: 1) the overall level of intergenerational conflict within families was moderate, with major contributing factors exhibiting high mean scores, including self-centered behavior, unwillingness to listen to others’ viewpoints, and a lack of respect for or recognition of older family members; and 2) Buddhist principles applicable to conflict reduction and the enhancement of family harmony included the Four Noble Truths and yoniso manasikāra in the cognitive dimension, the Four Sublime States (brahmavihāra) and sārāṇīya-dhamma in the relational dimension, and the Four Bases of Social Solidarity (saṅgahavatthu) together with aparīhāniya-dhamma in the practical dimension. These principles contribute to reducing ego-centeredness, strengthening communication, fostering acceptance of differences, and promoting peaceful coexistence among family members.