The impact of the labor welfare system on the quality of life of informal workers in Thailand

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the impacts of labor welfare systems on the quality of life of informal workers in Thailand, using a critical perspective grounded in socialist labor theory that emphasizes fairness and the rights of informal workers. The study provides an overview of the informal labor context in Thailand, existing labor welfare systems, their effects on various dimensions of quality of life, and recommendations for appropriate and sustainable policy development. Informal workers in Thailand continue to face vulnerability and inequality, particularly due to their lack of legal status and limited access to welfare systems (Phan & Somchai, 2019). Current labor welfare systems primarily focus on formal sector workers, leaving informal workers at higher risk of health problems, income insecurity, and psychological stress, which directly impacts their quality of life. Findings reveal that informal workers with access to welfare programs, such as Social Security Section 40 and Universal Health Coverage, exhibit better health outcomes, income stability, and life satisfaction. However, structural barriers—such as legal restrictions, lack of information, and discrimination—prevent many informal workers from receiving adequate protection. The article recommends expanding the coverage of labor welfare systems, promoting the participation of informal workers in policymaking, and strengthening cooperation among government, private sector, and civil society. These measures are essential to improve the quality of life for informal workers and reduce social inequality in Thailand.