Sacred Trees as Sites of Enlightenment and Functional Space

Abstract

The Bodhi Tree is the tree of enlightenment of the Buddha, including other trees related to the Buddha, such as the Sala Tree, Indian Oak, etc. These trees have been planted in the temple as a symbol of Buddhism and memorial to the Buddha. They also help create shade and functional space under the trees. This article aims to study trees in Buddhism which are considered sacred trees and to suggest how to create functional spaces by those trees. Information about trees related to the Buddha is collected through document research in order to know the names of the trees. The most prominent trees are selected as examples, to combine botanical characteristics, then suggest guidelines for using trees in the design and creation of outdoor areas. Trees are an important element used to create space, connect spaces and imply the boundaries of an area. From the Tipitaka it is found that trees are one of the Buddha’s places, and the place where all Buddhas attained enlightenment is under the tree. There are six important trees, namely Bodhi tree, Sala tree, Banyan tree, Indian oak, Milky tree, and Mango tree, which are large and long-lived trees. When planting, it should be considered in terms of utility and creation of space for use, taking into account the botanical and physical characteristics of the tree, the use of space under the tree, as well as the impact and maintenance. To enable the planted trees to grow well and make efficient use of the area under the trees.