Buddhist and Cultural Tourism of Thai–Myanmar Border Communities in Kanchanaburi Province

Abstract

This study aimed to: (1) survey Buddhism-based and cultural tourism resources and routes in Thai–Myanmar border communities of Kanchanaburi Province; (2) develop Buddhism-based and cultural tourism activities aligned with the local context; and (3) promote cultural marketing mechanisms for Buddhism-based tourism to strengthen community sustainability. The research employed Participatory Action Research (PAR) in Ban Wangka, Nong Lu Subdistrict, Sangkhla Buri District, Kanchanaburi Province. Key informants comprised community leaders, Buddhist monks, teachers, youth, and residents (n = 15), selected through purposive sampling. Research instruments included in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, participant observation, hand-drawn/participatory mapping, and reflective journals. All instruments were validated for content validity by experts. Data were analyzed using content analysis and pre–post comparisons of participation outcomes.

Findings revealed that: (1) the community possesses strong religious faith and living cultural capital, enabling the design of a Buddhism-based “Route of Faith” that integrally links religion, culture, and everyday life; (2) a 3-day/2-night prototype program that emphasizes genuine tourist–community participation such as Dhamma walks, riverside mindfulness practice, candlelight circumambulation (vien tian), and guided reflective sessions enhanced meaningful experiences; and (3) cultural marketing via social media, a website/microsite, a practical travel guide, and a tri-sector partnership network (government–private sector–community) effectively raised awareness and built trust in Buddhism-based tourism. The study contributes a synthesized SANGKHLA Model comprising eight components Spiritual Experience, Authentic Community Life, Nature and Culture Harmony, Genuine Interactions, Knowledge-based Learning, Heritage Preservation, Local Ownership & Benefit Sharing, and Accessibility and Appreciation which can serve as a policy framework and practical guideline for sustainable development of Buddhism-based cultural tourism in border areas.