The Transformation of Political Party Systems and Its Impact on Democracy in Thailand's Political Reform

Abstract

Over the past few decades, political changes in Thailand have had a significant impact on the political party system and the functioning of democracy, particularly during the period of political reform that involved constitutional amendments and changes to the election laws. These changes led to a substantial transformation in Thailand's political party system. An analysis of these changes and their impact on democracy during the political reform period reveals that the political party system in Thailand has undergone multiple transformations over the years, including the emergence of new parties, the consolidation of old political parties, and changes in political mechanisms. These shifts have had a clear impact on the political process and decision-making. At the same time, recent political reforms have led to the revision of laws related to elections, which directly affect government formation and the functioning of political parties. The impact of these changes on democracy can be viewed both positively and negatively. On the positive side, changes in the political party system could lead to fairer elections by reducing the advantages of parties with large voter bases in certain regions and opening opportunities for new parties to play a larger role in Thai politics. This allows the public to choose parties that align more closely with their needs and values. However, there are negative consequences as well, particularly in terms of the potential for increased political polarization. Intense political competition could result in conflicts and instability within society, potentially leading to long-term governance instability and challenges in balancing executive and legislative powers.